References Abraham, K.M., & Teplin, L.A. (1991). Co-occurring disorders among mentally ill jail retainees. American Psychology, 46, 1036-1045. Cohen, R., Parmelee, D.X., Irwin, L., Weisz, J.R., Howard, P., Purcell, P., & others. (1990). Characteristics of children and adolescents in a psychiatric hospital and a corrections facility. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 909-913. Ganzer, V.J., Sarason, I.G. (1972). Variables associated with recidivism among juvenile delinquents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 40, 1-5. Gibbons, D.C. (1970). Delinquent behavior. Englewood Cliffs (NJ): Prentice Hall. Healy, W., Bronner, A.F. (1926). Delinquents and criminals. New York: MacMillan. Koenigsberg, D., Balla, D.L., & Lewis, D.O. (1977). Juvenile delinquency, adult criminality, and adult psychiatric treatment: An epidemiological study. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 7, 141-6. Leetsi, T. (1994). Youth custody in Canada, 1992-93. Statistics Canada. Canadian centre for justice statistics. Juristat Service Bulletin, 14, 8-23.

Lewis, D.O., Balk, D.A., & Sacks, H.L. (1973). Psychotic symptomatology in a juvenile court clinic population. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 12, 660-674. Lewis, D.O., Pincus, J., Lovely, R., Spitzer, E., & Moy, E. (1987). Biopsychosocial characteristics of matched samples of delinquents and non-delinquents. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26, 744-752. McManus, M., Alessi, N.E., Grapentine, W.L., & Brickman, A. (1984). Psychiatric disturbance in serious delinquents. Journal of American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 23, 602- 615. Moone, J. (1998). Counting What Counts: The Census of Juveniles in Residential Placements. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), Fact Sheet #74. Offer, D., Marohn, R., & Ostrow, E. (1970). The psychological world of the juvenile delinquent. New York: Basic Books. Puig-Antich, J. (1982). Major depression and conduct disorder in pre-puberty. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 21, 118-128. Ulzen, T.P.M., & Hamilton, H. (1998). The nature and characteristics of psychiatric comorbidity in incarcerated adolescents. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 43, 57-63. Young, G. (1994). Trends in justice spending-1988/89 to 1992/93. Statistics Canada. Canadian centre for justice statistics. Juristat Service Bulletin, 14, 1-17.

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